P2198 O2 Sensor Signal Code Bias / Stuck Rich (Bank 2 Sensor 1)

P2198 O2 Sensor Signal Code Bias / Stuck Rich (Bank 2 Sensor 1)

OBD-II DTC Datasheet

A / F O2 sensor signal biased / stuck in enriched state (block 2, sensor 1)

What does this mean?

This code is a generic transmission code. It is considered universal as it applies to all makes and models of vehicles (1996 and newer), although the specific repair steps may differ slightly depending on the model.

On some vehicles like Toyota, this actually refers to A / F sensors, air / fuel ratio sensors. In fact, these are more sensitive versions of oxygen sensors.

The powertrain control module (PCM) monitors the exhaust air / fuel ratio using oxygen (O2) sensors and tries to maintain a normal air / fuel ratio of 14.7: 1 through the fuel system. The Oxygen A / F sensor provides a voltage reading that the PCM uses. This DTC sets when the air / fuel ratio read by the PCM is rich (too much fuel in the mixture) and deviates so much from 14.7: 1 that the PCM can no longer correct it.

This code specifically refers to the sensor between the engine and the catalytic converter (not the one behind it). Bank #2 is the side of the engine that does not have cylinder #1.

Note: This DTC is very similar to P2195, P2196, P2197. If you have multiple DTCs, always correct them in the order in which they appear.

symptoms

For this DTC, the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) will illuminate. There may be other symptoms, such as increased fuel consumption.

reasons

Possible causes of a P2198 code include:

• Malfunctioning oxygen (O2) sensor or A / F ratio or sensor heater
• Open or short circuit in the O2 sensor circuit (wiring, harness)
• Fuel pressure or fuel injector problem
• Defective PCM
• Intake air or vacuum leaks in the engine
• Defective fuel injectors
• Fuel pressure too high or too low
• Leak / malfunction of PCV system
• A / F sensor relay defective
• Malfunction of the MAF sensor
• Malfunction of the ECT sensor
• Air intake restriction
• Fuel pressure too high
• Fuel pressure sensor malfunction
• Fuel pressure regulator malfunction
• Please note that for some vehicles that have been modified, this code may be caused by changes (eg exhaust system, manifolds, etc.).

Diagnostic steps and possible solutions

Use a scan tool to obtain sensor readings and monitor short and long term fuel trim values ​​and O2 sensor or air fuel ratio sensor readings. Also, take a look at the freeze frame data to see the conditions while setting the code. This should help determine if the O2 AF sensor is working properly. Compare with manufacturers' values.

If you do not have access to a scan tool, you can use a multimeter and check the pins on the O2 sensor wiring connector. Check for short to ground, short to power, open circuit, etc. Compare performance to manufacturer specifications.

Visually inspect the wiring and connectors leading to the sensor, check for loose connectors, wire scuffs / scuffs, melted wires, etc. Repair as necessary.

Visually inspect the vacuum lines. You can also check for vacuum leaks by using propane gas or carburetor cleaner along the hoses with the engine running, if the rpm changes, you have probably found a leak. Be very careful when doing this and keep a fire extinguisher handy in case something goes wrong. If the problem is determined to be a vacuum leak, it would be prudent to replace all vacuum lines if they age, become brittle, etc.

Use a digital volt ohm meter (DVOM) to check if other mentioned sensors are working properly, such as MAF, IAT.

Carry out a fuel pressure test, check the reading against the manufacturer's specification.

If you are on a tight budget and have an engine with only more than one bank and the problem is with only one bank, you can swap the gauge from one bank to another, clear the code, and see if the code is respected. to the other side. This indicates that the sensor / heater itself is faulty.

Check the latest Technical Service Bulletins (TSB) for your vehicle, in some cases the PCM may be calibrated to fix this (although this is not a common solution). TSBs may also require sensor replacement.

When replacing oxygen / AF sensors, be sure to use quality ones. In many cases, third party sensors are of inferior quality and do not work as expected. We strongly recommend that you use the original equipment manufacturer's replacement.

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