TSP-15k. Transmission oil of the Kama Automobile Plant
Gear oils produced in accordance with the technical requirements of GOST 17479.2-85 ensure the reliable operation of all automotive transmission units. Among the types of such oils, an important place belongs to TSP-15k (TM-3-18) oil, which is used in vehicle gears that transmit significant torque. These are mainly heavy vehicles and trailers.
Features
The main factors determining the working conditions of automotive mechanical transmissions are:
- High temperature on contact surfaces.
- Significant torques, with a very uneven distribution over time.
- High humidity and pollution.
- The change in the viscosity of used oil during periods of downtime.
On this basis, transmission oil TSP-15k was developed, which shows efficiency precisely in mechanical transmissions, when contact stresses are the predominant types. Brand decoding: T - transmission, C - lubricant, P - for car gears, 15 - nominal viscosity in cSt, K - for cars of the KAMAZ family.
Gear oil consists of two components: base oil and additives. Additives impart desired properties and suppress unwanted ones. The additive package is the foundation of lubrication performance, and a strong base provides the driver with the necessary engine performance, reduced torque loss due to friction and protection of contact surfaces.
The characteristic properties of TSP-15 oil, as well as other lubricants of this class (for example, TSP-10), are considered to be increased thermal stability and oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. This avoids the formation of a sludge of solid particles or resins - the inevitable harmful products of high-temperature oxidation. These abilities depend on the application temperature of the gear oil. So, for every 100C, an increase in the temperature of the lubricant, up to 60°C, intensifies the oxidation processes by about a factor of two, and at higher temperatures even more.
The second characteristic feature of transmission oil TSP-15k is the ability to withstand increased dynamic loads. Due to this, gear teeth in gear mechanisms avoid contact chipping. Not recommended for use in vehicles with automatic transmission.
Application
Using TSP-15k lubricant, the driver must be aware that the oil is capable of demulsification - the ability to remove excess moisture using the separation of layers of immiscible components. The difference in density values allows the gear oil to successfully get rid of water in the gearbox. It is for this purpose that such oils are periodically drained and renewed.
According to the international classification TSP-15k belongs to oils of the API GL-4 group, which are necessary for use in heavy-duty automotive transmissions. Such oils allow longer intervals between routine maintenance, but only subject to strict adherence to the composition. Also, when replacing or monitoring the condition of the oil, it is necessary to monitor changes in the acid number, which determines the ability of the lubricant to oxidize. To do this, it is enough to select at least 100 mm3 already partially used oil, and test it with a few drops of KOH potassium hydroxide dissolved in 85% aqueous ethanol. If the original oil has an increased viscosity, it must be heated to 50 ... .600C. Next, the mixture should be boiled for 5 minutes. If after boiling it retains its color and does not become cloudy, then the acid number of the starting material has not changed, and the oil is suitable for further use. Otherwise, the solution acquires a greenish tint; this oil needs to be replaced.
<font><font>Materials</font></font>
Performance characteristics of transmission oil TSP-15k:
- viscosity, cSt, at a temperature of 40ºC - 135;
- viscosity, cSt, at a temperature of 100ºC - 14,5;
- pour point, ºC, not higher than -6;
- flash point, ºC - 240 ... 260;
- density at 15ºC, kg/m3 - 890 ... 910.
With regular use, the product should not cause erosion of seals and gaskets, and should not contribute to the formation of tar plugs. The oil should have a uniform straw-yellow color and be transparent to the light. The corrosion test within 3 hours must be negative. For safety reasons, the product must not be used for purposes other than its intended purpose.
When disposing of transmission oil of the TSP-15k brand, it is necessary to remember about the prevention of environmental pollution.
The closest foreign analogues are Mobilube GX 80W-90 oils from ExxonMobil, as well as Spirax EP90 from Shell. Instead of TSP-15, it is allowed to use other lubricants, the characteristics of which meet the conditions of TM-3 and GL-4.
The current price of the considered lubricant, depending on the region of sale, ranges from 1900 to 2800 rubles. for a capacity of 20 liters.
