What is a car diesel fuel heater?

Diesel Car Fuel Heater

Characteristics of a diesel fuel heater. An increase in viscosity with decreasing temperature, which is accompanied by turbidity, crystallization and further curing. With a significant increase in viscosity, the normal operation of the fuel system will be disrupted until the diesel fuel supply ceases completely. Diesel heaters are used in cars and trucks to counter these negative factors. Diesel heaters usually have two functions. Heated diesel fuel when starting the engine, the so-called heating. And maintaining a certain temperature of diesel fuel during engine operation, also called intermediate heating. These functions can be performed both individually and jointly.

Diesel heating system

In the latter case, it is a diesel heating system. The leading manufacturers of diesel water heaters are Alternative Technology Group e GmbH, ATG (Diesel Therm model), Parker (RAKOR model), Nomakon (BUT comes from MA materials under and KOH with instructions). Diesel heaters. Diesel heaters include. Fine filter heaters, flexible belt heaters and fuel inlet warmers. The basis of these devices is an electric battery-powered heating element. The fine fuel filter is the most vulnerable part of the fuel system. Because due to the low temperature, its capacity deteriorates. Bandage heaters (patch) are used to heat the fine filter. The water heater is turned on by the driver for 3-5 minutes and provides heating in the negative temperature range from 5 to 40 ° C.

How does a diesel heater work

Due to their flexibility, flexible strip heaters can be installed at different locations in the fuel system. Fuel lines, fuel filter. They provide both pre-launch and mid-flight fuel warm-up. The prefabricated fuel inlets are equipped with an electric heating element. When the engine is running, the fuel inlet can be heated by heat exchange with the heated coolant. Raw diesel heaters. There are two ways to heat diesel fuel in motion - electric and liquid. Electric heaters include instantaneous heaters and flexible heaters. As a rule, the heating flow is installed in front of the fine filter in the section of the fuel line. These devices are powered by a running car generator.

The principle of operation of a diesel fuel heater of a car

Pre-heaters for liquid diesel fuel are represented by heated air intakes and coils. The coil is a spiral tube that closes the corresponding fuel line. Electric heaters and mainstream heaters can be combined into a diesel fuel heating system. Depending on the air temperature, the electronic control unit maintains the optimum temperature of diesel fuel. Activating some heaters. The fuel tank is an important structural element of the fuel system. It is designed to safely store a certain amount of fuel. Gasoline, diesel, gas and others. This prevents leakage and limits emissions due to evaporation.

Where to install

In cars, the fuel tank is usually installed in front of the rear axle under the rear seat, outside the deformation zone of the car when impacted from behind. The volume of the fuel tank must provide mileage in the range of 400-600 km. The tank is mounted on the car body using tape brackets. Metal damage protection can be installed at the bottom of the fuel tank. To prevent heating of the fuel tank by elements of the exhaust system, heat-insulating seals are used. Fuel tanks are made of metal, aluminum, steel or plastic. The most popular material at the moment is plastic, high density polyethylene. The advantage of plastic tanks is the better use of the installation site. Because in production you can get a fuel tank of any shape and thus reach your maximum volume.

What are fuel tanks made of?

Plastic is not susceptible to corrosion, but the walls of the tank are permeable to hydrocarbons at the molecular level. To prevent leakage of microfuel, plastic containers are multilayer. In some projects, the inside of the tank is fluorinated, which prevents leakage. Metal fuel tanks are welded from stamped sheet. Aluminum is used to store gasoline, diesel, steel and gas. To optimize the free space for each new car, its own fuel tank was developed. At the same time, the fuel tanks of a car may vary depending on the type of body. Engine type, fuel system design, injection system and air conditioning. Neck filling. The fuel tank is filled through the filler neck, which is located on the left or right above the rear wing.

Fuel tank and diesel car heater

The left location of the filler neck, located on the driver's side, is preferred. However, when refueling is complete, there is less chance of leaving the filling in the throat and taking it with you. A pipeline is connected to the neck of the fuel tank. The cross section of the filler neck and piping must be capable of filling the fuel tank at a rate of approximately 50 liters per minute. The fuel tank neck is closed with a screw cap. Ford vehicles use a fuel filler without a cap - the Easy Fuel system. Outside, the door is closed with a lid with a lock. The fuel tank cap is unlocked in the cabin. By means of an electric motor or a mechanical drive. Fuel is supplied to the system through the outlet fuel line. Excess fuel is returned to the tank through the drain line.

Diesel fuel heater

For vehicles with gasoline engines, an electric fuel pump is installed in the fuel tank. That provides fuel injection into the system. The design of the car provides technological access to the pump, rear hatch. A suitable sensor is installed in the tank to monitor the fuel level. It forms a single device with a fuel pump (gasoline engines) or is installed separately (diesel engines). The sensor consists of a float and a potentiometer. When the fuel level decreases, the float drops, the resistance of the connected potentiometer changes, and the voltage in the circuit decreases. In this case, the arrow of the fuel level indicator on the dashboard is rejected. In fuel tanks of complex design and large volume, two fuel level sensors can be installed that work together.

The principle of operation of the fuel tank

For efficient operation, the tank must maintain a constant atmospheric pressure. This problem is solved using the fuel tank ventilation system, which neutralizes the emission as a result of fuel consumption from the tank. It also contributes to the displacement of excess air when refueling the fuel tank. Counteracts pressure increase due to fuel heating. At low pressure, the fuel tank may deform, and the fuel supply may cease, at high pressure, it may burst. Modern cars use a closed ventilation system. That is, the fuel tank is not directly related to the atmosphere.

Heated diesel in modern cars

Fuel tank ventilation schemes used in cars can vary significantly. Nevertheless, it is possible to determine the common elements responsible for the intake of air into the fuel tank and the emission of fuel vapor from it. The problem of air suction in case of vacuum is solved with the help of a safety valve. The valve is installed in the filler cap. It is basically a check valve that allows air to flow in one direction and blocks its movement in the other. When the flow in the tank increases, atmospheric pressure compresses the valve spring. As a result, air enters the tank and the pressure in it is equalized with atmospheric pressure. When refueling a fuel tank, excess fuel vapor is displaced through a vent pipe located parallel to the fuel line.

Diesel heater

At the end of the pipeline there may be a compensating reservoir. In which an excess of gasoline vapor builds up during refueling. The tank does not come into contact with the atmosphere, but is connected by a separate pipeline to the adsorber of the gas vapor recovery system. A gravity valve is also installed at the end of the ventilation duct. This prevents the spillage of fuel from the tank when the car capsizes. The valve is activated when the vehicle is tilted above 45 °. Fuel vapors obtained during heating are removed from the fuel tank using a gas vapor recovery system. This system is an integral part of the fuel tank ventilation system. The fuel temperature sensor can be installed in the fuel tank for efficient operation of the gas vapor recovery system. Or another fuel pressure sensor in the tank.

Questions and answers:

How to heat up a diesel engine? Small holes are made in the body of the fuel intake mesh. High resistance wire is threaded through them. The heating element is connected to the on-board system of the car through a fuse and lowered into the tank.