Crankshaft position sensor - symptoms of a malfunction that every driver should worry about! What does a sensor repair look like? Read and save your engine from damage!
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Engines are equipped with sensors that send signals to the computer about the status of individual components. Based on this information, the controller selects the appropriate operating mode of the unit and controls, for example, the ignition timing. The failure of one of the signaling devices is enough, and the operation of the engine is disrupted or it stops working altogether. These devices include camshaft position sensor and crankshaft sensor. what he? And what are the symptoms of damage to the shaft position sensor?
Crankshaft position sensor in a car - characteristics
The crankshaft position sensor is a device that, based on the generated magnetic field, transmits an electrical signal to the computer controller. Three types of such components are currently in use. These are the sensors:
- inclined
- induction;
- bipolar.
Their work is based on the use of a measuring disc, which can take various forms. Speaking of the shield:
- slotted drum;
- toothed;
- magnet gear.
The rotation speed is calculated based on the angular value of the crankshaft position. The crankshaft position sensor determines not only the advance angle, but also the moment of fuel injection, control of the change in valve timing or stabilization of the engine at idle.
Inductive sensor
Its operation is based on the use of the air space between the sensor and the gear wheel with embedded ferromagnetic elements. The proximity of certain teeth on the measuring disc, in combination with the winding on the sensor coil, creates an electrical voltage. The key to rotational speed is the induction of voltage across the turns of the coil by the alternating voltage of the current flowing.
Hall Sensor
As the name suggests, it works based on the Hall effect. It consists in changing the potential of the conductor when it is near a magnetic field. When using only the crankshaft position sensor for diesel or gasoline, the magnets must be pressed against the gear. Otherwise, the sensor will not be able to read and transmit signals.
Crankshaft position sensor - symptoms and causes of failure
What are the symptoms of a bad crankshaft position sensor?
How can a sensor failure affect the operation of the entire unit? It's all about his role. If the crankshaft position sensor sends information to the controller about the current speed, which is not actually confirmed, the engine will have problems starting. The controller doses fuel and advance angle at the wrong time.
In some cases, this may allow the unit to start, especially in diesel power units. However, it will work unevenly and will not allow you to drive a car. However, in most cases it will be impossible to start the car. A broken sensor will not give any signal to the ECU, even if the crankshaft is turned by the starter's force, so the controller will not give a spark or a portion of fuel.
What are the causes of damage to the crankshaft position sensor?
The main cause of a malfunction of the crankshaft position sensor is an open circuit. Difficulties in proper operation can also be caused by:
- wire scuffs;
- internal short circuit;
- failure of the impulse wheel;
- the presence of deposits that destabilize the operation of the system.
Replacing the crankshaft position sensor
If you know the crankshaft position sensor has been damaged, it's time to replace it! You will usually find this part near the connection between the engine and gearbox or on the flywheel. Replacing the gear ratio sensor is not burdensome, but the biggest problem is the price. Depending on the model, it can range from 100-60 euros.
As you can see, the crankshaft position sensor is an extremely important element of the car. Before replacing, try to have the vehicle diagnosed by a specialist to make sure that the symptoms observed are actually the result of damage to it.
