GDI engine

One of the ways to improve the efficiency of an internal combustion engine and reduce the emission of toxic substances is to optimize the combustion process of the mixture in the cylinders.

The way to achieve this goal is to accurately prepare the combustible mixture using gasoline injection. It is common enough to use single and multi-port fuel injection into the intake manifold, but only for 2 years the only mass-produced car powered by a spark ignition engine, running on gasoline injected directly into the cylinders under high pressure GDI. (gasoline with direct injection), on the road for 20 years. The undoubted advantage of this car is the lower fuel consumption, measured by the new European cycle. Savings can be up to XNUMX%. compared to conventional engines. This engine uses a lean air/fuel mixture in the partial load range. The ignition of such a mixture is possible due to the special shape of the combustion chamber, in which a zone of a richer, highly flammable mixture is created near the spark plug. From it, the flame spreads to areas of the lean mixture.

When full power is required, the engine burns an air-fuel mixture with a lambda value of 1. Early injection timing allows a homogeneous mixture to be formed, combustion of which is not a problem.

GDI engines have another advantage over conventional engines. These are reduced carbon dioxide emissions and low concentration of nitrogen oxides when the engine is running at partial loads.

Direct filling of the engine with high-pressure gasoline, known for 60 years, was recently implemented, as it created many technical problems for designers (the fuel does not have lubricating properties).

The first production car with a GDI engine was introduced by Mitsubishi, Toyota is relatively close to the success of Toyota, and the European manufacturer of injection systems Bosch has developed a GDI power system with a control module, and perhaps it will go to cars from the old contingent?

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