Toyota 2AD-FHV engine
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Turn-of-the-century Toyota style icons, the RAV 4 urban crossover, the Avensis midsize sedan/station wagon, and the Auris family car are prime testbeds for fine-tuning and mass production of the 2AD-FHV turbodiesel. The engine was designed by Japanese mechanics in 2005. The assembly of this model was carried out for 10 years.
The new diesel engine is the basis for environmental research
The Japanese motor builders positioned the 2AD-FHV motor as a completely new word in the fight against reducing the harmful effects of exhaust gases. The “heart” of the idea was the latest exhaust cleaning system 2,2 D-CAT (Diesel Clean Advanced Technology). The goal of the management of Toyota Motor Corporation was to transfer the European lines of the most popular models of the first decade of the new century from the D4-D system to the more advanced D-CAT, under the Euro 5 protocol.
The 2AD-FHV engines are fitted with complex combinations of Denso piezo injectors. With their help, it is possible to create pressure with a force of 35-200 MPa. Unlike other systems, the 2,2 D-CAT has an additional, fifth nozzle, in the manner of the French Renault.
The purpose of the five-injector combination, coupled with a nitrogen oxide catalyst, is to effectively regenerate the particulate filter without the risk of oil getting into diesel fuel. Exhaust gas types:
- carbon monoxide CO;
- soot particles;
- Nitric oxide.
USR drive type - electromagnetic (with a spool valve and a position sensor) or with a DC motor and a non-contact Hall sensor. A complex of complex physical and chemical studies and test programs made it possible to achieve a reduction in the level of harmful gas emissions during engine operation to 144-195 g/km.
What's under the hood
2AD-FHV - DOHC turbocharged diesel engine (with two camshafts in the cylinder head) with a capacity of 150 and 177 hp. Engine installation program for Toyota cars of various models:
Cylinders with a diameter of 2231 mm and a piston stroke of 3 mm are installed on the in-line sixteen-valve "four" with a working volume of 86 cm96. The compression ratio is 15,7-16,8. The maximum torque at 2800 rpm is 400 Nm. The cylinder block is made of light and durable aluminum alloy, the liners are made of cast iron. Drive type - chain.
Type of power system - common rail direct injection, with high pressure fuel pump HP3. The 2AD-FHV motor is a more powerful version of the 2AD-FTV engine. The diesel engine is supercharged by an IHI variable geometry turbocharger (VGT) with liquid cooling. Like the rest of the engines in the series, the 2AD-FHV received an interesting design solution - a block of balance shafts.
Fuel consumption during engine operation is:
- in the city - 7,4 l;
- outside the city - 4,9 liters;
- combined - 5,9 liters.
Diesel fuel consumption figures are for the manual transmission variant.
Since 2002, the cars that Toyota Corporation releases to the European market have an updated VIN code - complete technical and special information about the car. The serial number is encrypted in it under 12-17 positions. Options for the location of the information plate:
- passenger door front right;
- engine compartment firewall;
- bottom left of the windshield.
The most difficult place to set the VIN code is the floor of the car. In this case, the information is stamped directly on the metal.
Reliability and maintainability of the engine
For its power, the motor showed very decent performance characteristics.
The timing chain mechanism showed a high level of reliability. The installation of hydraulic compensators relieves drivers of the need to adjust the thermal clearances of the valves. The volume of oil filling is 6,5 liters, the replacement frequency is standard - every 10 thousand kilometers. For filling in the engine, the best option is 5W-30 oil.
A well-established set of "cons" of the 2AD-FHV engine is a breakdown of the gasket, rapid contamination of the USR valve. Over time, the geometry of the turbine is disturbed, which requires additional repairs. A standard problem for Japanese diesel engines are shortcomings in fine-tuning the design of the particulate filter, and, as a result, frequent failures of the regeneration system. The declared mileage of 250 thousand kilometers, the motor runs without major repairs. But this is his limit.
