The history of electric vehicles
The first electric car appeared around 1830 ( 1832-1839 ). The first to invent the electric car was a Scottish businessman Robert Anderson ... Rather, it was an electric cart.
Approximately at 1835 year American Thomas Davenport built a small electric locomotive. Approximately at 1838 year a scotsman appeared Robert Davidson with a similar model that could reach speeds of up to 6 km / h. The two inventors did not use a rechargeable battery.
В 1859 Frenchman Gaston Plante invented the rechargeable lead acid battery. It will be improved Camille Fore в 1881 year .
In this photo 1884 years we see Thomas Parker, sitting in an electric car that could be the first in the world. The photo was released to the public in April 2009 by her grandson Graham Parker.
В 1891 year American William Morrison built the first real electric car (see photo).
В 1896 year electric Riker Andrew Riker won the car race.
В 1897 year we can see the first electric taxis on the streets of New York.
В 1899 year in Belgium company The Never Happy built the first electric car, capable develop a speed of up to 100 km / h (it will reach 105 km / h). The car was driven by Belgian Camilla Jenatzi and fitted with Michelin tires. It was shaped like a torpedo.
С 1900 EVs had their heyday. More than a third of the cars in circulation are electric, the rest are petrol and steam.http://www.youtube.com/embed/UnyoTDJttgs
В 1902 year Wood's Phaeton could travel 29 kilometers at a speed of 22,5 km / h and cost $ 2000.
В 1912 году production electric vehicles reached peak ... But the appearance of the petrol-powered Ford Model T in 1908 will begin to be felt.
Anderson Electric Car Company presented its model in 1918 year in Detroit.
В 1920-e over the years certain factors have led to decline electric vehicles. We can point to their low range, too slow speed, lack of power, oil availability, and their price tag is double that of gasoline Fords.
В 1966 year, the US Congress recommended the construction of electric vehicles to reduce air pollution. American public opinion largely supports this, and with the rise in gasoline prices in 1973 year (first oil shock: OPEC embargo against the United States) definitely has momentum. However, nothing really takes off.
В 1972 year Victor Vuk, godfather of a hybrid car, built the first hybrid car Buick Skylark by General Motors (GM).
В 1974 The Vanguard-Sebring CitiCar, which looks a lot like an electric golf cart (see photo), was unveiled at the Electric Vehicle Symposium in Washington DC. It can travel 40 miles at 48 km / h. In 1975, the company was the sixth American manufacturer, but was disbanded a few years later.
В 1976 year, the U.S. Congress passed the research, development and demonstration of electric and hybrid vehicles ... which aims to promote the development of new technologies for batteries, motors and hybrid components.
В 1988 In the same year, GM President Roger Smith established a research fund to develop a new electric vehicle, which would become EV 1.
В 1990 The state of California voted for Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV), a plan that stipulates that 2% of vehicles must have zero emissions in 1998 (then 10% of that in 2003). In the same year, GM's CEO unveiled his two-seater concept " Impact »At the Los Angeles Auto Show.
Between 1996 and 1998 GM will produce 1117 EV1 electric vehicles , 800 of which will be leased with a three-year contract.
В 1997 year Toyota launched Prius , the first hybrid vehicle to enter series production. In the first year, 18 copies will be sold in Japan.
1997 to 2000 year Many manufacturers have released hybrid electric models: the Honda EV Plus, GM EV1, the Ford Ranger EV pickup, the Nissan Altra EV, the Chevy S-10 EV and the Toyota RAV4 EV, but from 2000 the electric car will die again.
В 2002 GM and DaimlerChrysler sued the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to repeal the 1990 Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) Act. They were joined by US President George W. Bush.
In 2003 in France Renault attempted to produce its Kangoo Elect'road hybrid vehicle, but ceased production after about 500 vehicles.
В 2003-2004 years this is the end of EV1. GM will restore all cars one by one to destroy them despite several protests.
В 2006 year Chris Payne released a documentary entitled " Who killed the electric car? " which analyzes the rise and death of electric vehicles in the late 90s. It focuses on the GM EV1 model.
The same year Tesla Motors for the first time introduced the electric convertible Roadster.
В 2007 there were still 100 electric vehicles in circulation in the United States.
С 2008 to 2010 year Californian automaker Tesla Motors Inc. produced his electric sports car Tesla Roadster .
В 2009 Mitsubishi Motors launched i-Miev in Japan. In partnership with Japanese manufacturer PSA, Peugeot Citroën introduces European cousins Miev, Peugeot ion (2009 g.) And Citroen C-Zero (2010 g).
In March of the same year, Vincent Bollore announced the release of a monthly car rental for 2010. Pininfarina Blue Car for 330 euros.
В 2009 Renault launched its first electric car Fluence Z.E. based on Renault Mégane III. Models followed by Twizy (2011), Kangoo ZE (2011) and Zoe (2012).
2010 year marked the birth of the electric benchmark, the Nissan Leaf, which was to be the world's best-selling electric vehicle for a decade.
В 2012 year Tesla released model S sports sedan. Then the SUV will follow Model X (2015) and family sedan Model 3 (2017 g).
