How are protrusions and holes formed? What to do if the vehicle is out of order on our tank training grounds?
Content
What is the difference between communism and democracy? They stole from the Comanches, but they managed not only to repair, but also to build new roads. And these post-November women can't even fix what the Comanche built. At the same time, the state budget receives much more money from fuel taxes and various fees that vehicle owners must pay. Somehow I would freely translate the debate of a group of about 50 year olds who were upset by the disastrous state of our road network. The word "seal" or rather the right hole is a very common word in our region, especially at the end of winter and in the first spring months, so every Slovak motorist knows it. Some even went into great detail about how they were “lucky” and damaged their car.
Potholes reasons
Moldings are formed mainly due to the fact that the road surface is older than 20 years and in most cases is not maintained - not updated. The surface of our roads is made up almost exclusively of asphalt, while 20 year old asphalt can no longer cement mass like asphalt on a new surface and hence the heavy material combined with freezing weather makes this material brittle resulting in it gradual destruction. In addition to age, lack of maintenance and freezing weather, congestion is also the reason for the catastrophic state of our roads. It should be noted that most of the roads were not built with such a load, since at the time of creation (under the previous regime) most of the goods were transported by rail. Now the density of passenger and especially freight traffic has decreased significantly, and little money has been invested in the construction of most long-distance roads.
How does the discharge take place?
The temperature drops below zero and the ground under the asphalt surface freezes to a depth of several centimeters, in case of severe frosts - up to several tens of centimeters. Subsequently, warming occurs, the temperature is near zero, water penetrates the cracked and old asphalt, often along with salt, and settles in small or large cavities under the road surface. Frozen soil under the pavement, which has not thawed in such a short time, is impermeable, so water cannot run off - soak deeper into the ground. The water under the pavement forms a small puddle. This water, which is in the cavities, then turns into ice when the temperature drops again, which, as we know, has a larger volume than water and expands in all directions. The surface of the asphalt exudes slightly due to the pressure. If the temperature rises above zero again, the ice in the chamber will melt. Since water has a smaller volume than ice, the enlarged cavity remains only partially filled with water. The rest - the empty part of the concave pit cracks when passing vehicles and the road surface gradually begins to crumble. The constant passage of vehicles over such a weakened-damaged place causes its increase and, as a result, the old known displacement. From the above facts, it is clear that the formation of potholes is largely dependent on the course of winter. The worst situation occurs if severe frosts continue at the beginning of winter, the soil under the road freezes, and then the temperature begins to fluctuate around zero when the road surface freezes and thaws again.
A bit of legislation
Of course, when driving with a lot of pressure, you risk damaging your car, most often the wheels and wheel axle suspension. The explanations, or rather the defects on the road, are described in § 12 of Ordinance No. 35/1984 Coll. Specific wording:
Defects in the patency of highways, roads and local roads are changes in the patency of these roads caused by external influences that the driver cannot foresee. Roadworthiness defects include, in particular, individual potholes, potholes, irregularities on a flawless surface of a continuous section of the road, improperly stored material, fallen trees and stones, damaged road signs and other obstacles, if they are not warned in the prescribed rules. manner.
It was a pity to pass the injection, what next?
If you have damaged your car while driving after the press, there is no need to call the police, and if so, only in exceptional cases. These are cases where a lot of damage was done (several thousand euros), respectively. injury, injury. Thus, you can claim damages regardless of whether the police investigated the incident or not. However, it is recommended to properly document the location – offset – where the vehicle was damaged. This means taking pictures of the degree of damage to the vehicle, as well as the road on which the damage occurred, so that the employees of the insurance company know how the insured event occurred - damage to the vehicle. If there are witnesses nearby, it is not harmful to write down the testimony. In the event that you have an accidently damaged car, subsequent compensation is relatively simple. All you need to do is report the damage to your insurance company by phone, online or in person and wait for repairs and damages. In the case of accident insurance, the insured customer is also entitled to the assistance of the assistance service, which will ensure that the damaged vehicle is repaired on the spot or the vehicle is towed to the contracted service. A much more complicated situation arises if the injured driver does not have a blown emergency fuse on the vehicle. Then there is only one option left - to demand compensation for damage from the communications administrator. Compensation for damages can be claimed either out of court - if the trustee is insured, or recover damages through civil proceedings. For information only: motorways and expressways are administered by the National Automobile Company, 1st class roads, Slovak Highway Administration, roads II. and III. the corresponding higher territorial unit (VÚC) and city roads, in turn, a specific city.
How to drive on a road where there are prints?
As in other situations, the precautionary rule applies. Of course, there will be a situation where failure cannot be avoided. Therefore, if a passage is unavoidable, it is necessary to slow down the car in front as much as possible. The subsequent passage should no longer occur without braking. That is, with your foot off the brake pedal, grab the handlebars firmly if you can (chase) the clutch pedal down, and wait for the impact. It should be borne in mind that when driving forward and then braking, the weight also increases on the front of the car and, of course, on the front axle. The increase in weight - pressure on the front axle depends on the intensity of deceleration - braking of the car. Therefore, if we do not brake, the pressure on the front axle will not increase, and the likelihood that the wheel will resp. the axle will remain intact. It should also be taken into account that a wheel that is rolling is less susceptible to damage than a wheel that is locked under braking.
Several Ways to Repair Damaged Roads Today
Hot pack mixes
Used in warmer seasons. This is the most common mix of asphalt concrete. During production, the asphalt needs to be heated to 160°C and then mixed at 140°C – pressed together with gravel and gravel filler. When applied to the road, this process takes place in a hot state, so a thermal container made of steel sheet is used for transportation, which does not allow the asphalt mixture to cool.
Mixes for cold packaging
It is used mainly in the cold - in winter, production is more expensive. Cold mix is mainly used to reinforce small areas, usually only as a temporary reinforcement. Therefore, it is used in winter to strengthen the pits on the asphalt road, formed from frost. In particular, the possibility of cheaper transportation over long distances and, therefore, the possibility of using it in several places in smaller quantities is used. Production takes place by emulsifying asphalt in water and then mixing it with aggregate.
Turbojet technology
The technology of repairing asphalt concrete roads by the jet method consists in filling the defects of the abrasive layers with a mixture of noble aggregate and bitumen emulsion using a special device under compressed air pressure. The technology is suitable for repairing small grooves, smaller open surfaces and loose road layers. This activity is usually carried out with Turbo 7000 technology or higher modern VSV 1000 technology.
Road repair kit VSV 1000
Road repair kit (hereinafter referred to as ВСВ) is intended for the repair of pits and embankments of roads, local roads, bike paths, sidewalks and pedestrian areas using a mixture of aggregate and asphalt concrete emulsion using a jet method. The result of the renovation is the restoration or temporary improvement of communication capabilities. The advantage of the VSV superstructure in terms of dimensions and total weight is the possibility of repairing roads in city centers during normal operation, since the places being repaired immediately become mobile. The method used to repair small protrusions and damage is cost effective as no additional technology is required to repair it. This is because the protrusions do not need to be modified by milling or cutting before repair, and once the extrusion has been filled, there is no need to compact the area to be repaired because the compaction occurs with the help of the kinetic energy of the blasted material. ... VSV is mounted on a Magma Alficar chassis (volume: 1 backfill = 180 l of emulsion + about 1,5 t of aggregate fraction 2/5, calculated on a surface of 5 cm with this backfill it is possible to repair 12 m2 roads).
A little relief at the end
the Englishman asks the Slovak.
- Which side are you coming from? Left or right?
- Between the pits of a friend ...
