How to choose the right brake pads
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Selecting the right brake pads for your vehicle depends on when they are replaced, what material they are made from, and whether they are reliably sourced.
The modern automotive braking system has come a long way. From old brake pads and mechanically actuated drum systems to modern computer-controlled ABS systems, all brake system components wear out over time and need to be replaced. The parts that experience the most wear or wear are the brake pads. While it's always best to stick with original equipment manufacturer (OEM) brake system components, choosing the right brake pads is getting more difficult with the myriad of options, brands, and styles.
Brake pads should always be replaced until worn out and in accordance with your vehicle manufacturer's recommendations to maintain optimal stopping power. This will reduce damage to other critical brake system components such as brake calipers and rotors. If your brake pads are wearing out and you need to choose the right brake pads, ask yourself these 3 detailed questions:
1. When should brake pads be replaced?
Most car manufacturers recommend replacing brake pads every 30,000 to 40,000 to 100,000 miles—essentially every time you change tires on your car. Tires and brakes work together to help stop your car, so it makes sense to replace your car's brake pads and "shoes" at the same time. By replacing the brake pads before they are completely worn out, you will avoid having to replace the brake disc - some of the brake pads are in contact to stop the wheel from spinning. Brake discs should be replaced every two or three tire changes or every 120,000 to XNUMX miles. There are a few common symptoms that motorists can hear and feel to alert them to brake pad replacement sooner rather than later.
Brake squeal: If you step on the brake pedal and hear a loud screeching sound, it's because the brake pads are too thin. In particular, the wear indicator will touch the brake disc when the pad wear exceeds 80%. If the brake pads are not replaced shortly after hearing this noise, the wear indicator will actually dig into the rotor, requiring replacement in most cases.
Brake pedal impulses: If you press the brake pedal and feel a pulsing, this is another normal indicator of brake pad wear. However, it can also be a sign of a warped brake disc or problems with the ABS system, so it's a good idea to have it checked by a professional mechanic.
2. What features should you look for in brake pads?
When looking for new brake pads, there are 7 things you need to consider to find the best brake pads for your vehicle. The type of brake pad you need depends on your driving style and conditions. For example, brake pads designed for commuting rarely have to deal with high temperatures, while pads for high-performance vehicles, on the other hand, will need to withstand some hot bites.
Weather characteristics: Good brake pads should work in any climate, whether dry, wet, dirty, warm or cold.
Cold bite and hot bite: Your brake pad needs to perform as intended and provide perfect friction, whether hot or cold.
Maximum operating temperature (MOT): This is the highest temperature a brake pad can measure before it becomes unsafe due to decay.
Friction response to temperature: This is measured in a friction profile, indicating how much force you need to apply to the pedal to get the same response under emergency braking as you would with normal braking.
Pad and rotor life: Both the brake pad and the rotor are subject to wear. You have to consider how long the pads are rated as well as the rotor when turning on the brake pads.
Noise and vibration: You have to consider how much noise, vibration, and even pedal feel the brake pad presses on.
Dust level: Brake pads can collect dust which then sticks to the wheel.
3. What are the types of brake pads?
As we stated above, the best advice for replacing brake pads is to always follow the parts manufacturer's recommendations. In most cases, this means you will be asking for replacement OEM brake pads. Depending on the type of vehicle you have, OEM brake pads are most likely made from one of three unique materials. The 3 most common types of brake pad materials are listed below:
1. Organic brake pads
Initially, brake pads were made from asbestos, a hard but toxic material that has been linked to a variety of respiratory diseases. When asbestos was banned, many brake pads began to be made from a composite of several materials, including carbon, glass, rubber, fibers, and more. Organic brake pads are usually quieter and softer. The main disadvantage is short-lived. You will usually find OEM organic brake pads for lighter luxury vehicles.
2. Semi-metal brake pads
Most cars on the road today use semi-metal pads. A semi-metallic brake pad is made up of copper, iron, steel and other metals combined with graphite lubricants and other materials to help reduce heat buildup. These types of brake pads are often used as OEM solutions for heavy duty vehicles due to their ability to last longer and reduce friction, helping to stop heavier cars, trucks and SUVs more efficiently.
3. Ceramic brake pads
The newest brake pad on the market is the ceramic pad. Ceramic brake pads were introduced in the 1980s as a replacement for older asbestos pads. Brake pads of this type are made of hardened ceramic material combined with copper fibers. Due to their unique design, they tend to last the longest of the Big Three and are fairly gentle on application. The disadvantage is twofold. First, while they can withstand high temperatures, they don't perform well in cold climates, as the material is prone to cracking when exposed to extreme cold conditions. In addition, they are the most expensive type of brake pads.
4. Can I use OEM brake pads?
The simple answer to this question is no. There are some car manufacturers that require the use of OEM parts in order to honor warranties, so you should always check with your car manufacturer first. However, several car companies have OEM equivalent brake pad options made by aftermarket manufacturers. If you are going to purchase aftermarket brake pads, there are three main rules to follow:
1. Always buy a trusted brand. Brake pads can save your life. You don't want to compromise when replacing brake pads made by a cheap aftermarket manufacturer.
2. Check the warranty. Many brake pad manufacturers (or dealers who sell them) provide a brake pad warranty. Although they are designed to wear out over time, if they are backed by a mileage guarantee, this is a good indication of the quality of aftermarket components.
3. Look for Certificates. There are two general certifications for brake pads included with aftermarket parts. The first is Differential Efficiency Analysis (D3EA) and the second is Brake Performance Evaluation Procedures (BEEP).
Regardless of which type of brake pad you choose, it's important to remember that proper fitting is the most important attribute. If you want to choose the right brake pads, be sure to have a professional mechanic perform the service for you.
