What are the 5 different types of turbochargers?

Turbochargers allow the cylinders to suck in more air and fuel, resulting in more power. 5 different types of turbochargers are designed to help the car

Un turbocharger This is a pressurization system in which a centrifugal turbine drives a compressor wheel through a shaft coaxial with it to compress gases. This type of system is commonly used in alternative internal combustion engines, both diesel and gasoline engines.

How does work turbocharger?

El turbocharger It consists of a turbine driven by the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, on the axis of which a centrifugal compressor is mounted, which takes atmospheric air after passing through the air filter and compresses it to be supplied to the cylinders at a higher pressure than atmospheric.

In other words, the function turbocharger in this case, it is the compression of the mixture of fuel and air that is introduced into the cylinders, so that the engine gets more of the mixture than it could get by sucking in the pistons alone. This process is called supercharging and it increases the power of the car.

However, there are different types turbochargers and although they all have the same goal, they have different ways of working.

Therefore, here we will tell you about five different types turbochargers.

1.- turbocharger screw

The operation of a screw compressor is based on two rotors (male and female) that rotate in parallel but in the opposite direction; that is, the male rotor enters the cavity of the female rotor and creates a chamber in which the intake air accumulates.

They then rotate inside the shroud, forcing air from one side to the other, causing it to circulate through both propellers and head straight into the area opposite to suction, where there is an increase in pressure due to space reduction. 

This continuous displacement of the screws accumulates air in the compression zone until the required pressure is reached, and then the air is released into the outlet.

2.- turbocharger scroll

turbocharger double scroll they require a split intake turbine housing and an exhaust manifold that connects the correct engine cylinders to each scroll.

For example, in a four-cylinder engine with a 1-3-4-2 firing order, cylinders 1 and 4 can power one turbo engine, while cylinders 2 and 3 can power a separate displacement. This design provides a more efficient transfer of energy from the exhaust gases to the turbo and helps deliver denser, cleaner air to each cylinder. More energy is sent to the exhaust turbine, which means more power. 

3.- turbocharger piston

This is one of turbochargers known and works when air is sucked into the cylinder through a piston driven by a connecting rod and crankshaft. The piston, making a reverse movement, compresses the air inside the cylinder and releases it when it reaches the required pressure.

4.- turbocharger roots

This type Turbochargers Typically found in diesel vehicles, it consists of two gears that compress air while rotating in opposite directions. 

5.- turbocharger emptiness

This turbocharger It is used in vehicles that cannot create the necessary vacuum in the intake pipe, such as direct injection engines, turbo engines or engines with variable valve actuation. 

What a vacuum compressor does is suck in air, compress it, and force it into the cylinder head.

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