Modernization MAZ 504

The MAZ 504 tractor was converted into a Golden 500 series truck. It sounds, perhaps, too pathetic for the "old man", released in 1965. However, it was this car that became a breakthrough in the design solutions of the Minsk Automobile Plant. During its history, the model has undergone many modifications, and today non-serial production has been completed a long time ago.

History

For that time, the truck was a real innovation. All the details mentioned have never been used before. Take a look at the completely atypical cab, similar to the popular European-made truck models of those years.

A short base and a powerful diesel engine, as well as power steering and shock absorbers, hint at a copy of foreigners. However, there are no wheels.

It is worth noting that not only 504, but also other models of tractors in this series have been in great demand for several decades. At the same time, it should be noted that the automobile plant in Minsk did not have the production capacity for the manufacture of all important components, such as internal combustion engines and transmissions.

The designers of the plant developed the 500 series as a universal line to satisfy all possible requests. For this reason, in addition to tractors, the range includes dump trucks, flatbed trucks, timber trucks and other special equipment.

Model 511 was replaced by MAZ 504 (this is a 1962 dump truck). It could be unloaded in two directions and had a carrying capacity of up to 13 tons, but it was categorically unsuitable for long-distance transportation. As a result, the engineers decided to develop a tractor capable of working with trailers and even semi-trailers. The concept received serial number 504.

It cannot be said that the developers immediately managed to release a successful model. After several unsuccessful tests, the first MAZ 504 was created with a gross weight of 14,4 tons. With a wheelbase of 3,4 meters, a load of up to 10 tons was allowed on the rear axle. The first model was equipped with a 6-cylinder YaMZ-236 engine with a capacity of 180 horsepower.

Features of the model

The tractor had a frame structure with a dependent suspension equipped with springs. At that time, new hydraulic telescopic shock absorbers were installed on the front suspension.

A fork is installed at the rear for towing when evacuating. Above the rear axle is a full two-pivot seat with automatic locking. The car was equipped with two fuel tanks, each containing 350 liters of diesel fuel.

Engines

Throughout the history of the 500th series, the device, regardless of modification, has practically not changed. The YaMZ-236 diesel engine had a closed-type water cooling system and a separate fuel system.

Released later, modification 504 marked "B" was equipped with a more powerful YaMZ-238 engine. This is an 8-cylinder diesel power unit with a capacity of 240 horsepower. A more powerful engine contributed to an increase in the dynamics of the tractor with a trailer. Most importantly, the truck moved mainly on the highway, and is also capable of covering long distances.

Power plant and steering

All modifications were similar in that they were equipped with a 5-speed manual gearbox with a two-disk dry clutch. On the bridge, located at the rear, gearboxes were attached to the hubs.

The brakes are drum brakes with pneumatic drive, as well as a central parking brake. On slopes or on slippery roads, the engine brake can be used to block the exhaust port.

The car uses power steering. The angle of rotation of the wheels of the front axle is 38 degrees.

Cabin

Surprisingly, in addition to the driver, two more passengers can be accommodated in the cabin, and there is also an extra bed. The tractor does not have a hood, so the engine is located under the cab. Tilt the cab forward to access the engine.

A special mechanism protects against spontaneous descent. In addition, a lock is installed to fix the cab in the transport position.

By the way, this castle caused a lot of controversy among engineers. Many believed that it would not withstand frequent blows, and risked opening it. Things got to the point that the chief engineer of MAZ heard sharp criticism in his speech. But subsequent tests have clearly shown that the lock provides a secure fit even in emergency situations.

The absence of a hood allowed to reduce the weight of the truck and the load on the front axle. Thus, the overall load capacity has been increased.

The driver and passenger seats are adjustable with shock absorbers. A heater powered by a common cooling system is included as standard. Ventilation is forced (fan) and natural (windows and lowered side windows).

Dimensions and main technical characteristics

• length 5m 63cm;
• width 2,6 m;
• height 2,65 m;
• wheelbase 3,4m;
• ground clearance 290mm;
• maximum weight 24,37 tons;
• maximum speed with a full load of 85 km / h;
• braking distance at a speed of 40 km / h 24 meters;
• fuel consumption 32/100.

The new tractor was a breakthrough in its way and had good technical characteristics. He could carry goods over medium distances, but the working conditions were far from ideal. If we compare a foreign-made truck, then it was an order of magnitude more convenient for everyday use.

Modifications

In 1970, experimental work was completed and the start of mass production of an improved version of the 504A began. From the point of view of exterior design, the novelty could be distinguished by a different shape of the radiator grille. Most of the changes affected the interior space and improvements in the technical part:

• First of all, this is a 240-horsepower turbocharged engine that can increase traction up to 20 tons. The wheelbase has been reduced by 20 centimeters. The springs have also been lengthened. And the course of the truck became smooth and predictable;
• Secondly, the cabin has a dining table, umbrellas. There are also curtains that cover the windows. The skin was replaced with a softer one (at least a little insulation appeared).

Even despite the seemingly significant changes, the MAZ 504A could not compete with foreign saddlers in terms of quality and comfort. Because of this, Minsk tractors were later abandoned in favor of foreign cars.

In addition to serial modifications, three more versions were produced:

• 508G (all-wheel drive tractor);
• 515 (6×4 wheelbase and rolling axle);
• 520 (6×2 wheelbase and balanced rear bogie).

All these modifications were tested, but did not reach mass production, except for the 508B version, which was successfully used as a timber carrier due to the presence of a gearbox with a transfer case.

In 1977, the 504 saw some changes again. A restyled radiator grille, improved ventilation of the engine compartment, dual-circuit brakes appeared, new direction indicators appeared.

The model received serial number 5429. The history of MAZ 504 finally ended in the early 90s, while MAZ 5429 was no longer produced even in small batches. Officially, the tractor stopped rolling off the assembly line in 1982.

MAZ-504 today

Today it is almost impossible to find a 500-series tractor in good condition. All of them are in a landfill or after a major overhaul. You will not find a truck in its original form.

As a rule, the team worked out its resource, after which it was removed and replaced with a new one from the factory. In relatively good condition, you can find later models such as MAZ 5429 and MAZ 5432.