Window regulator: elements and principle of operation

In order not to spoil the mechanism, do not simultaneously switch the control buttons in opposite directions and do not prevent the glass from moving upwards.

The windows in the car are opened and closed by power windows (SP), driven by a handle (which is also called an “oar”) or from a button. The first, mechanical option, does not suit many car owners (GAZelle, Niva, UAZ), where manual joint ventures are installed regularly. It is not difficult to change an outdated mechanism for a comfortable push-button one if you know the principle of operation and the device of a car window lifter.

Power window elements

The window regulator in the car is a mechanism hidden under the door card for moving and holding in the lower, upper or any intermediate positions of the side glazing of the car. The device is attached to the door or installed on a special stretcher under the skin. The JV consists of three main components.

Блок управления

CU is a box with a package of switches for centralized control of the sliding window lifts. In the case with a connector for connecting there is a board, a key mechanism and LEDs for backlighting.

The control unit contributes to the supply of electricity to the drive of the joint venture: for this you just need to press a button.

Power window control unit

There is also a car window regulator device, where the control unit provides automatic raising or lowering of the glass to a certain height. Electric joint ventures are:

• impulse - when you need to press the button once for the action to take place;
• and non-impulsive - hold the key while the glass is lowered or raised.

Power windows can be improved by installing closers that automatically close the windows when you put the car on the alarm.

The SP device is also easy to combine with a security system or alarm. Such "intelligent" mechanisms work through the remote control.

The control unit is located between the electric motor that provides the movement of the windows and the buttons.

Drive unit

The window regulator in the car is a mechanism that works with the help of a power drive that creates the necessary torque.

JVs are equipped with two types of drives:

• Mechanical - when the force of the hand on the handle is increased by a pair of spur gears and transmitted to the drive roller.
• Electric - in this case, the car's window lifter is powered by an electric motor. It is enough to press the switch, and then the electronics will do everything for you, transmitting a signal to the reversible motor with a worm gear. At this moment, the movement of glass along the rail begins.

Power window drive

Regardless of the type of actuator, the design of the joint venture includes guides that represent a groove or rails.

Important elements of the device:

• current control relay;
• regulator (board with keys to control the process of raising and lowering windows by the driver).

Additional parts: fasteners, seals, gears, wires for impulse transmission.

lifting mechanism

Car window regulator mechanisms - manual or electric - depending on the principle of operation, are presented in several versions:

• Rope. On the main component - the drive drum - a flexible cable is wound, then stretched between 3-4 rollers. In some configurations, the role of the tensioner is performed by springs. The drum rotates, one end of the flexible element (it can also be a chain or belt) is unwound, the other is wound, which gives translational motion.
• The problems of such a lifting mechanism are in the wear of the cable and plastic guides, overheating of the gearbox. But each part individually can be easily replaced with a new one.
• Rack. These mechanisms move quickly and silently. At the moment when you press the button or turn the handle, the gear on the drive roller engages with a vertical rail, relative to which the glass is raised or lowered using the guide plate.
• Single lever. Such a car window lifter device comes from the factory on the Daewoo Nexia, budget modifications of Toyota. The design includes: a gear wheel, a lever, and a plate attached to the glass that moves the window up or down.
• Double lever. In addition to the main elements, they have one more lever, which is activated by a cable or a reversible engine.

Window lifting mechanism

Rack joint ventures are considered reliable and durable. The most popular manufacturers of devices of this type are Granat and Forward.

Diagram of the principle of operation

The electrical circuit for activating the ESP is laid out on the computer board, and is also attached to the instructions for the mechanism.

In general terms, the principle of connecting a power window is as follows:

1. It is necessary to connect the JV electric motor to a power source.
2. To do this, the wires from the standard power window are twisted: one end of the harness is connected to the mounting block (in the passenger compartment, in the fuse box), the other to the ESP electric drive.
3. The wiring is passed through technological holes in the doors and body pillars.

Power can also be taken from the cigarette lighter or regular wiring.

Scheme of the principle of operation of the window lifter of the machine:

See also: Additional heater in the car: what is it, why is it needed, the device, how it works

Scheme, principle of operation

Recommendations for use

The window regulator mechanism lasts a long time if you follow the tips for operating the joint venture:

1. Once every 1-2 years, remove the door card, lubricate the rubbing parts: gear, sliders, racks.
2. Do not press the buttons intermittently, do not hold them for too long.
3. Do not use the power windows 30 seconds after the ignition is turned off.
4. Check the condition of the rubber seals. Change them as soon as you notice cracks and delaminations.

In order not to spoil the mechanism, do not simultaneously switch the control buttons in opposite directions and do not prevent the glass from moving upwards.

How window lifters work. Faults, repair.