Elastic elements of the chassis of the car
The application of leaf springs is usually applied to trucks and buses. Parts of the elastic element are connected by a bolt and tightened by horizontal displacement limiters - clamps. Leaf-type springs do not dampen small vibrations. And under heavy loads, they bend into an S-profile and damage the vehicle axle.
The damping device of the machine consists of parts of varying degrees of rigidity. The role of the elastic elements of the car suspension is to reduce shaking and vibration. And also to ensure the controllability and stability of the machine in motion.
What are the elastic elements of the chassis
The main role of damping parts is to dampen the energy of oscillations caused by road irregularities. The suspension of the machine provides a smooth ride without shaking and safety in motion at speed.
The main types of elastic elements of the car suspension:
- springs;
- springs;
- torsion bars;
- rubber inserts;
- pneumatic cylinders;
- hydraulic shock absorbers.
Damping parts in the chassis design dampen the impact energy on the car body. And they direct the moment of movement from the transmission without significant losses.
Devices are used to ensure the stability of the car during maneuvers, braking and acceleration. Elastic suspension elements are selected depending on the specific requirements for stiffness, strength and operating conditions.
What are the elastic elements of the chassis
leaf springs
The damping device consists of one or more metal strips. The part is sometimes supplied with an additional stage to be included in the work only under heavy loads.
The application of leaf springs is usually applied to trucks and buses. Parts of the elastic element are connected by a bolt and tightened by horizontal displacement limiters - clamps. Leaf-type springs do not dampen small vibrations. And under heavy loads, they bend into an S-profile and damage the vehicle axle.
springs
An elastic element bent from a rigid steel bar is found in any type of suspension. The section of the part is round, conical or with a thickening in the central part. Suspension springs are selected in accordance with the sprung mass of the car and the dimensions of the rack. The elastic element has a reliable design, long service life and does not require regular maintenance. A dead spring can be repaired - restored to its previous height dimensions by stretching.
torsion bars
In independent car suspensions, a system of steel rods is used to increase stability, connecting the body with levers. The part dampens twisting forces, reduces the roll of the machine during maneuvers and turns.
The damping piece is splined to allow free play when loaded. Torsion bars are usually mounted on the rear of the car's suspension.
Pneumatic spring
This elastic element, operating on compressed air, is usually referred to as an additional damper. The rubber cylinder has the shape of a cylinder and is mounted on the rack of each wheel. The gas pressure in the air spring can be adjusted depending on the current sprung load.
The elastic element allows you to maintain a constant ground clearance, unloads and extends the service life of the vehicle suspension parts. Pneumatic cylinders are commonly used in trucks and buses.
