Nissan QD32 engine

The 4-cylinder Nissan QD32 diesel engine with a volume of 3153 cm3 has been produced since the mid-90s of the last century by one of the world's largest manufacturers, the Japanese automobile corporation Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Technically, a more advanced unit replaced the TD series engines.

However, already in the early 2000s, it was replaced by ZD engines, in particular ZD-30. In the marking, the first two letters indicate the series, the numbers 32 indicate the volume in deciliters. The uniqueness of the unit is that in the entire history of the brand, only a few series (ED, UD, FD) of internal combustion engines (ICE) had a similar volume of fuel combustion chambers.

The QD32 diesel engine was planned to equip mainly commercial minibuses, heavy SUVs, trucks and special equipment. In various modifications and equipment, they were equipped with such models as Nissan Homy, Nissan Caravan, Datsun Truck, Nissan Atlas (Atlas), Nissan Terrano (Terrano) and Nissan Elgrand (Elgrand).

Features

A key feature of the QD32 diesel unit is that it does not have a common rail fuel injection system. During the development of the engine, this system was very common. However, the company's engineers deliberately did not introduce it into the engine. The reason is that a simpler motor device allows you to carry out repairs in the field with improvised means, in the absence of a car service, with your own hands.

Together with the timing gear drive, which eliminates the problem of interaction between the valve and the piston, and the cylinder head made of cast iron, this leads to high reliability and a long service life of the unit as a whole. Thanks to this, among the people, the engine received the status of “indestructible” from car owners. In addition, QD32 is well known among car tuners for replacing the car's native engine with a simpler, cheaper and more durable one.

Technical specifications

The main technical characteristics of the basic version of the QD32 power unit are presented in the table:

Creator	Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.
Engine make	QD32
Years of issue	1996 - 2007 years
Volume	3153 cm3 or 3,2 liters
Energy	73,5 kW (100 hp)
Torque	221 Nm (at 4200 rpm)
Weight	258 kg
compression ratio	22,0
Food	Electronic high pressure fuel pump (electronic injection)
engine's type	diesel engine
Included	switching, non-contact
Number of cylinders	4
Location of the first cylinder	TPO
Number of valves per cylinder	two
Cylinder head material	molten iron
intake manifold material	duralumin
Exhaust manifold material	molten iron
camshaft	original cam profile
block material	molten iron
Bore	99,2 mm
Piston type and material	cast aluminum petticoat
Crankshaft	cast, 5 supports, 8 counterweights
Piston stroke	102 mm
Environmental standards	1/2 euro
Fuel consumption	On the highway - 10 liters per 100 km Combined cycle - 12 liters per 100 km In the city - 15 liters per 100 km
Oil consumption	Maximum 0,6 l every 1000 km
engine oil viscosity indexes	5W30, 5W40, 0W30, 0W40
Motor oil manufacturers	Liqui Moly, Luk Oil, Rosneft
Oil for QD32 by quality composition	synthetics in winter and semi-synthetics in summer
Engine oil volume	6,9 liters
Temperature is normal	95°
LED Resource	Declared - 250 thousand km Real (in practice) - 450 thousand km
Valve adjustment	washers
Glow plugs QD32	HKT Y-955RSON137, EIKO GN340 11065-0W801
Refrigeration system	forced, antifreeze
Refrigerant volume	10 liters
water pump	Aisin WPT-063
Spark plug gap	1,1 mm
Time unit	mechanism
The order of the cylinders	1-3-4-2
Air filter	Micro AV3760, VIC A-2005B
Руль	6 mounting holes and 1 centering hole
The oil filter	Filter OP567/3, Fiaam FT4905, Alco SP-901, Bosch 0986AF1067, Campion COF102105S
Flywheel Bolts	M12x1,25mm, length 26mm
Valve stem seals	manufacturer Goetze, entrance lighting
dark gradation
Billing XX	650 - 750 min-1
Compression	from 13 bar (the difference between adjacent cylinders is not more than 1 bar)
Tightening torque for threaded connections	• sail — 32 — 38 Nm • flywheel - 72 - 80 Nm • clutch screw - 42 - 51 Nm • bearing cover - 167 - 177 Nm (main) and 78 - 83 Nm (rod) • cylinder head - three stages 39 - 44 Nm, 54 - 59 Nm + 90°

Addition

Depending on the configuration with one or another type of injection pump drive, engine power can vary significantly:

1. With a mechanical drive (mechanical injection pump) - 135 l at a torque of 330 Nm.
2. With electronic drive - 150 liters. With and torque of 350 Nm.

The first type, as a rule, was equipped with trucks, and the second - with minivans. At the same time, in practice, it was noticed that mechanical ones are more reliable than electronic ones, but less convenient to use.

QD32 engine modifications

During the production period of 11 years, the diesel power unit was produced in 6 modifications to equip different car models.

Modification, years	Technical details	Car model, gearbox (gearbox)
QD321, 1996 - 2001	Torque 221 Nm at 2000 rpm, power - 100 hp With.	Nissan Homy and Nissan Caravan, automatic
QD322, 1996-2001	Torque 209 Nm at 2000 rpm, power - 100 hp With	Nissan Homy and Nissan Caravan, manual transmission (MT)
QD323, 1997-2002	Torque 221 Nm at 2000 rpm, power - 110 hp With	Datsun truck, manual/automatic (automatic transmission)
QD324, 1997-2004	Torque 221 Nm at 2000 rpm, 105 hp	Nissan Atlas, automatic
QD325, 2004-2007	Torque 216 Nm at 2000 rpm, power - 98 hp With.	Nissan Atlas (European model), automatic
QD32ETi, 1997-1999	Torque 333 Nm at 2000 rpm, power - 150 hp With.	Nissan Terrano (RPM system), Nissan Elgrand automatic

The modification of the QD32ETi block is significantly different from the others. First of all, it differs from the standard version with an intercooler and a different design of collectors with the same volume.

Advantages and disadvantages

The obvious advantages of the QD32 drive include:

• OHV timing scheme, excluding chain or belt breakage / jump.
• Robust, compact and reliable motor design.
• Great resource to work with and low price.
• High maintainability even with your own hands.
• Collision between pistons and cylinders is completely eliminated through the use of a gear train.

The engine also has disadvantages:

• Limited power.
• Noise.
• Inertia.
• Lack of 4-valve cylinders.
• The impossibility of using more modern channels of the input / output path.

Car models on which the QD32 engine was installed

The QD32 aspirated was installed mainly on Nissan cars and one model from the Datsun Truck line (1997-2002):

• Homy/Caravan minivan from 1996 to 2002.
• Atlas commercial truck from 1997 to 2007

The turbocharged modification of the QD32ETi unit was installed on the following machines:

• Minivan Elgrand with rear-wheel drive layout.
• All-wheel drive SUV Regulus.
• Rear-wheel drive all-wheel drive layout of the Terrano SUV.

Maintainability

The QD32 diesel engine as a whole, according to reviews, is considered to be quite reliable and “indestructible” even in the most difficult operating conditions and unpretentious to the quality of diesel fuel and oil. However, sooner or later the disk may fail. Therefore, every driver must know which malfunction symptoms correspond to the causes of engine failure.

Fault table QD32

Symptoms	As	Repair
Swimming speed	Malfunction of the electronic control unit of the injection pump of the fuel pump	Complete replacement of injection pump
Engine stalls, won't start	Violation of the fuel mixture cut-off valve	Valve replacement
Interruptions in work, blue smoke at high speeds (over 2000 rpm.)	Clogged fuel system/injector failure	Clean fuel system/replace injector

How to do a motor self-diagnosis (manual)

To perform a self-diagnosis on the QD32 engine, you must first find the so-called diagnostic socket. As a rule, it is located under the steering column (7 holes in two rows). Before starting the diagnostics, it is necessary to move the starter to the “ON” position without starting the engine.

Then, using a paper clip, you need to close the contacts n. 8 and no. 9 on the connector (when viewed from left to right, these are the first two holes located in the bottom row). Contacts are closed for only a couple of seconds. Clamp removed, CHECK indicator should flash.

You must accurately count the number of long and short blinks. In this case, long blinks mean tens, and short blinks mean ones in the encryption of the self-diagnosis code. For example, 5 long and 5 short flashes constitute code 55. This means that there is no engine malfunction. To restart the self-diagnosis, you must perform the described sequence of actions again.

For example, here is a table of self-diagnosis codes for the QD32ETi engine.

Breakdown Prevention - Maintenance Schedule

Not only careful operation, but also timely maintenance measures will help to extend the life of the QD32 diesel engine and prevent its breakdown. Manufacturer Nissan has set the following service periods for its descendants:

1. Change the fuel filter every 40 thousand kilometers.
2. Adjustment of sets of thermal valves every 30 thousand kilometers.
3. Replacement of engine oil, as well as an oil filter after a run of 7,5 thousand km.
4. Cleaning the crankcase ventilation system once every 1 years.
5. Change the air filter every 20 thousand kilometers.
6. Antifreeze update every 40 thousand kilometers.
7. Replacing the exhaust manifold after 60 thousand kilometers.
8. Candles require replacement after passing 20 thousand kilometers.

Tuning QD32

The original purpose of the QD32 motor, laid down by the manufacturer, is reduced to a smooth, reliable and safe movement. Such stability is necessary, for example, for commercial vans. However, those who have to force off-road or just want to squeeze the maximum power out of the unit should perform the minimum necessary engine tuning.

To increase the torque and power of the QD32 engine, the following measures must be taken:

1. Replace injectors with more efficient ones.
2. Install a contract turbine with a pressurization system of 1,2 atmospheres.
3. To upgrade the electronic drive of the high-pressure fuel pump to a mechanical one.
4. Install the high pressure fuel pump and injectors to the bracket.
5. Flash computer management software.

When upgrading the power unit, we must not forget that this increases the load on the chassis of the car and its security system. Particular attention should be paid to the brake system, engine mounts and brake pads/discs. The QD32 engine is often re-equipped with domestic models (UAZ, Gazelle).