3D design course in 360. Model prototypes - lesson 6

This is the last part of our Autodesk Fusion 360 design course. Its main features have been introduced so far. This time we will summarize what we already know and expand our knowledge with several new skills, which will further improve the emerging models. It's time to design something bigger - and finally, we will develop a remote-controlled robotic arm.

As always, we'll start with something simple, namely setupson which we will place the hand.

basis

Let's start by sketching a circle on the XY plane. A circle with a diameter of 60 mm, centered at the origin of the coordinate system, extruded 5 mm in height, will create the first part of the base. In the created cylinder, it is worth cutting a channel on the ball and thus creating a ball bearing inside the base (1). In the case described, the spheres used will have a diameter of 6 mm. To create this channel, you will need a sketch of a circle with a diameter of 50 mm, centered at the origin, drawn on the surface of the cylinder. Additionally, you will need a sketch on a circle (in the YZ plane), with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the spheres. The circle must be 25 mm from the center of the coordinate system and centered on the surface of the cylinder. Using the tab operation, we cut out the tunnel for the balls. The next step is to cut a hole along the axis of rotation of the base. Hole diameter 8 mm.

1. Another version of the ball joint.

Time top of the base (2). Let's start by copying the bottom part with a tab operation. We set the first parameter to and select the object from the reflection, i.e. lower part. It remains to choose the plane of the mirror, which will be the upper surface of the lower part. After approval, an independent top part is created, in which we will add the following elements. We put a sketch on the upper surface and draw two lines - one at a distance of 25 mm, the other at a distance of 20 mm. The result is a wall with a thickness of 5 mm. Repeat the pattern symmetrically on the other side of the base. By any method, i.e. by hand or with a mirror. We extrude the resulting sketch to a height of 40 mm, making sure that we glue, and not create a new object. Then, on one of the created walls, draw a shape to round the walls. Cut off both sides. It is worth adding a beautiful transition from a flat wall to the base. The operation from the E tab will help with this. By selecting this option, we mark the surface of the wall and the fragment of the base on which we want to align. Once approved, repeat this for the second side (3).

2. Simple swivel base.

3. The base socket where the arm will be attached.

Only the base is missing the place where we install the servos for hand movement. To do this, we will cut out a special bed in the created walls. In the center of one of the walls, draw a rectangle corresponding to the dimensions of the planned servo. In this case, it will have a width of 12 mm and a height of 23 mm. The rectangle should be in the center of the base, as the servo movement will be transferred to the arm. We cut a rectangle through the entire base. It remains to prepare the recesses, thanks to which we will mount the servos (4). Draw 5×12 mm rectangles at the bottom and top of the holes. We cut holes in one wall, but with the Start parameter and a value of -4 mm. It is enough to copy such a cutout with a mirror, selecting the appropriate planes for reflection. Cutting holes for bolts to mount servos should no longer be a problem.

4. Special cutouts will allow you to install servos.

First hand

On the basis we start a sketch and draw hand profile – let it be a section of the channel (5). The thickness of the walls of the hand does not have to be large - 2 mm is enough. Pull the created profile up, with an offset from the sketch surface. When extruding, we change the parameter to and set the offset value to 5mm. We take out to a height of 150 mm. The end of the arm should be rounded (6) so that the other part moves better. This can be done with a straight cut. It's time to finish the lower part of the arm. Consider adding a fill to the bottom with a simple sketch and extrude.

5. The first part of the arm is embedded in the base.

6. The sleeve can be rounded and additionally strengthened.

The next step is cutting hole, in which we introduce the servo. There is a bit of a problem here, unfortunately, because the servos are slightly different and it's hard to give one size that always fits. The hole must be calculated and cut depending on the planned servo. It remains to round the edges as desired and cut a hole in the upper part of the lever to prepare a place for the axis of rotation of the second part. In this case, the hole has a diameter of 3 mm.

Another hand

We start working on the other hand by completing it рычагthe second element (7) will be moved. We start the sketch on a flat plane of the second part of the base and draw a circle with a diameter of 15 mm centered on the axis of rotation of the servo. We add a hand, thanks to which we will move the upper part. The lever arm must be 40 mm long. The sketch is drawn with the na parameter set and the offset value set to 5 mm. A hole can be cut at the end of the lever into which you will install the pusher to move the upper part (8).

7. Lever controlled by a second servo.

8. The lever connected to the pusher is responsible for moving the second element of the lever.

The next step is mentioned pusher (eleven). We start the sketch on the XY plane and draw the profile of the pusher. Pull the drawn profile up 11 mm, with the parameter set to and the parameter set to 125 mm. This element must be created with the option set to. Then select an operation and mark the bottom face of the pusher. This will allow you to choose the length of the lever.

11. Way of fastening of a pusher.

There are no hooks on the ends of the pusher that will allow you to connect the lever to another part of the arm. We start the sketch from the plane of the lever. Pull the circle with a diameter corresponding to the end rounding of the lever so that it merges with the pusher. The circle must be offset from the sketch face, otherwise this feature will combine the lever and pusher into one feature, making it difficult to print. Repeat the same on the other end of the pusher. Finally, cut out holes for self-tapping screws with which you can connect the elements.

Second part of the hand start by sketching on the dorsal wall of the first part of the arm (9, 10). We draw the profile of the hand in the form of a channel covering the first element of the hand. After drawing the first profile shape, we push back the first shape by 2mm using the overlap function. Close the sketch with two short lines. Pull out the prepared profile by 25 mm with the option set to .

9. Beginning and base of the second part of the arm.

The created element is the basis for its further development. We start the sketch from the back plane. With the help of the function we duplicate the shape of the profile - the key in this procedure is to set the offset parameter to 0 mm. After duplicating the shape, cut it in the middle by drawing a line. We display one of the halves of the profile (closest to the pusher) at a distance of 15 mm. The resulting element should be rounded.

Следующий шаг the other side of this part of the hand. Using the operation, we create a plane at a distance of 90 mm from the base surface of the hand part. On the resulting plane, a hand profile sketch will be created, but reduced in size. In this sketch, the most important thing is that the lower parts are at the same height as the bottom of the profile. After the sketch is closed, we create the rest of the leg using the loft method. This is behind Operation Loft, which has appeared several times in this course.

Reinforcements

The tone arm in this form requires a few more reinforcements (13). There is a lot of space between lever and lever. They can be used to add supportthis will strengthen the arm and transfer the forces from the servos to the base.

13. Adding a gain will make the servo last longer.

We start the sketch from the upper plane of the base and draw a rectangle in the free space. The rectangle should be slightly offset from the hand and lever so that it doesn't merge into one body. The reinforcement you create must be attached to the base. We draw the sketch to a height of 31 mm and round the top and bottom edges as needed. It remains to cut a hole in the axis of rotation with a diameter of 3 mm.

14. A small accessory that allows you to attach your hand to the ground.

Worth adding to the database elements that will attach the hand to the ground (fourteen). We start the sketch from the bottom plane of the base and draw a rectangle with dimensions of 14 × 10 mm. Raise to a height of 15 mm and round the edges. Then round off the edge between the created rectangle and the base of the arm. Cut a hole for the bolt. There must be at least three such elements that can be assembled - using the circular array operation, we duplicate the created element three times (2).

15. We repeat this three times.

The only thing missing in a full hand is captureor another last tool. However, we will finish our lesson consoleon which you can install your own tool (12). We start the sketch on the end wall of the arm, mirror the shape of the wall and close it with a straight line. We bring to a distance of 2 mm. Then we draw 2 × 6 mm rectangles on the resulting wall. They should be 7mm apart and symmetrical to the center. We draw such a sketch at a distance of 8 mm and round off. We cut holes in the resulting elements, thanks to which we can mount an additional tool.

12. Console on which you can install any tool.

Summation

In the six lessons of our course, the basics of Autodesk Fusion 360 were reviewed and presented - functions that allow you to create simple and intermediate 3D models: ornaments, technical elements, and prototypes of your own designs. This is a good way to create new features, maybe even a new hobby, because with the current occupation, the ability to create your own model becomes very useful. Now it remains to improve the newly studied methods and constructions using the considered functions.

16. This is what the whole arm looks like.

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